What is G20 Summit and How G20 Works

Last Updated on: September 29, 2023

 

What is G20 Summit and How G20 Works

What is a G20 Summit?

The G20 summit, which was established in 1999, is the premier forum for international cooperation on the most important issues on the international economic and financial agenda. It brings the world’s major advanced and emerging economies together. The G20 is a forum of the world’s largest economies founded in 1999. The group consists of 19 countries as well as the European Union. The first G20 Summit took place in Washington, DC in 2008.

How G20 Works

• The G20 Presidency steers the G20 agenda for one year and hosts the Summit. The G20 consists of two parallel tracks: the Finance Track and the Sherpa Track. Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors lead the Finance Track while Sherpas lead the Sherpa Track after Finance Track.
• The G20 process from the Sherpa side is coordinated by the Sherpas of member countries, who are personal emissaries of the Leaders. Finance Track is led by Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors of the member countries. Within the two tracks, there are thematically oriented working groups in which representatives from the relevant ministries of the members as well as from invited/guest countries and various international organisations participate.
• The Finance Track is mainly led by the Ministry of Finance. These working groups meet regularly throughout the term of each Presidency. The Sherpas oversee negotiations over the course of the year, discussing agenda items for the Summit and coordinating the substantive work of the G20.
• In addition, there are Engagement Groups which bring together civil societies, parliamentarians, think tanks, women, youth, labour, businesses and researchers of the G20 countries.
• The Group does not have a permanent secretariat. The Presidency is supported by the Troika – previous, current and incoming Presidency. During India’s Presidency, the troika will comprise Indonesia, India and Brazil, respectively.

List of G20 Summits
G-20 Summits	Dates	G20 Host Countries	Venue & Host City	Host leader
1st	November 14th-15th, 2008	United States	National Building Museum, Washington, D.C	George W. Bush
2nd	April 2nd, 2009	United Kingdom	ExCeL London, London	Gordon Brown
3rd	September 2th -25th, 2009	United States	David L. Lawrence Convention Center, Pittsburgh	Barack Obama
4th	June 26th-27th 2010	Canada	Metro Toronto Convention Centre, Toronto	Stephen Harper
5th	November 11th–12th 2010	South Korea	COEX Convention & Exhibition Center, Seoul	Lee Myung-bak
6th	November 3rd–4th, 2011	France	Palais des Festivals, Cannes	Nicolas Sarkozy
7th	June 18th–19th, 2012	Mexico	Los Cabos Convention Center, San José del Cabo, Los Cabos	Felipe Calderón
8th	September 5th–6th, 2013	Russia	Constantine Palace, Saint Petersburg	Vladimir Putin
9th	November 15th–16th,  2014	Australia	Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre, Brisbane	Tony Abbott
10th	November 15th–16th,2015	Turkey	Regnum Carya Hotel Convention Centre, Serik, Antalya	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
11th	September 4th–5th 2016	China	Hangzhou International Exhibition Centre, Hangzhou	Xi Jinping
12th	July 7th–8th 2017	Germany	Hamburg Messe, Hamburg	Angela Merkel
13th	November 30th – December 1st 2018	Argentina	Costa Salguero Center, Buenos Aires	Mauricio Macri
14th	June 28th- 29th, 2019	Japan	Intex Osaka, Osaka	Shinzō Abe
15th	November 21st–22nd 2020	Saudi Arabia	King Abdullah Financial District, Riyadh	Salman
16th	October 30th-31st 2021	Italy	Rome	Giuseppe Conte
17th	November 15 -16, 2022	Indonesia	The Apurva Kempinski, Bali	Joko Widodo
18th	September 9 – 10, 2023	India	Pragati Maidan Convention Centre, New Delhi	Narendra Modi
19th	2024 [Date to be announced]	Brazil	–

 

G20 Member Countries
Argentina	Australia
Brazil	Canada
China	France
Germany	India
Indonesia	Italy
Japan	Mexico
Republic of Korea	Republic of South Africa
Russia	Saudi Arabia
Turkey	United Kingdom
United States of America	European Union (EU)